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Water Harvesting : A Manual for the Design and Construction of Water Harvesting Schemes for Plant Production

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Water Harvesting : A Manual for the Design and Construction of Water Harvesting Schemes for Plant Production

W. Critchley, K. Siegert, C. Chapman & M. Finket

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Blurb

The manual has been written keeping in view the problems being faced by the technicians and extension workers with practical guidelines on the implementation of water harvesting schemes. The manual is also useful for wider audience, such as rural development specialists and planners. The main focus of the manual is on simple, field scale systems for improved production of crops, trees and rangeland species in drought prone areas. The manual is also relevant to arid and semi-arid areas in all parts of the world where the basic problem low and erratic rainfall, high rates of runoff, and unreliable food production are similar. It provides the field worker with selection criteria and detailed technical designs for the various systems, as well as information on field layout and construction. The author has made all efforts to keep the manual a practical working document, using all related material other than text. It is hoped that the manual will serve as a useful field and guide for the implementation of water harvesting schemes. It can be used as a general reference manual by all researchers.

1.  Introduction :

    1.1  The basis of water harvesting : History and perspectives

    1.2  Definitions and classification

    1.3  Basic categories of water harvesting systems for plant production

    1.4  Overview of main WH systems

2.  Water and Soil Requirements :

    2.1  Water requirements of crops

    2.2  Water requiremkents of trees, rangeland and fodder

    2.3  Soil requirements for water harvesting

3.  Rainfall

    3.1  Introduction

    3.2  Rainfall characteristics

    3.3  Variability of annual rainfall

    3.4  Probability analysis

    3.5  Rainfall -runoff relationship

    3.6  Determination of runoff coefficients

    3.7  Assessment of anuual or seasonal runoff

    3.8  Runoff plots

4.  Design Model for Catchment : Cultivated Area Ratio :

    4.1  Introduction

    4.2  Crop production systems

    4.3  Examples on how to calculate the ratio C: Ca

    4.4  Systems for trees

    4.5  Systems for rangeland and fodder

5.  Water Harvesting Techniques :

    5.1  Site and technique selection

    5.2  Negarim microcatchments

    5.3  Contour bunds for trees

    5.4  Semi-circular bunds

    5.5  Contour ridges for crops

    5.6  Trapezoidal bunds

    5.7  Contour stone bunds

    5.8  Permeable rock dams

    5.9  Water spreading bunds

6.  Husbandry :

    6.1  Introduction

    6.2  Crops

    6.3  Trees

    6.4  Rangeland and fodder

7.  Socio-Economic Factors and Project Management :

    7.1  Introduction

    7.2  Socio-economic factors

    7.3  Project Management

Appendix - Simple Surveying Techniques

    A.1  Use of the line level for surveying

    A.2  Use of the water tube level for surveying

Annotated Bibliography

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