CHAPTER 1-INTRODUCTION TO INSTRUMENTATION

A. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS

1.1 Purpose

1.2 Need 

      Diagnostic 

      Predictive  

      Legal 

      Research

1.3 Concrete dam  failures

1.4 Instrumentation philosophy

a. General

b. Existing dams

1.5 Minimum desirable instrumentation

a. Concrete arch dams

b. Concrete gravity dams

c. Spillway and outlet works

1.6 Safety evaluation of existing dams

B. HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE MEASURING DEVICES

1.7 Purpose

1.8 Types

C. PRESSURE (STRESS) MEASURING DEVICES

1.9 Purpose

1.10 Types

D. SEEPAGE MEASURING DEVICES

1.11 Purpose

1.12 Types

E. INTERNAL MOVEMENT MEASURING DEVICES

1.13 Purpose

1.14 Types

F. SURFACE MOVEMENT MEASURING DEVICES

1.15 Purpose

1.16 Types

G. VIBRATION MEASURING DEVICES

1.17 Purpose

1.18 Types

H. MONITORING SCHEDULES

1.19 General

1.20 Variations in schedule

1.21 Emergency procedures

I. MAINTENANCE AND PERFORMANCE

1.22 General

1.23 Performance checks

1.24 Calibration of devices

J. DATA ACQUISITION. PROCESSING, AND REVIEW PROCEDURE

1.25 General Data acquisition

        Data transmittal   

        Data processing

        Data review

        Possible actions

1.26 Visual inspections

CHAPTER 2-PRESSURE MEASURING DEVICES

A. HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE MEASURING DEVICES (OPEN SYSTEM)

2.1 General.

2.2 Observation wells 

a. Usage

b. Advantages and limitations

c. Description of equipment

d. Installation procedures

e.  Monitoring procedures

f. Data acquisition and processing

2.3 Slotted-pipe piezometers

2.4 Porous-tube piezometers

a. Usage

b. Advantages and limitations

c. Description of equipment

d. Installation techniques

e. Monitoring procedures

f. Data acquisition and processing

B. CLOSED-SYSTEM PIEZOMETERS

2.5 Vibrating-wire piezometers

a. Usage

b. Advantages and limitations

c. Description of devices

d. Parts 

e. Piezometer installation .

f. Monitoring procedures 

g. Data processing and review 

2.6 Uplift pressure measurements

a. Usage .

b. Methods 

CHAPTER 3-SEEPAGE MEASUREMENT DEVICES

A. CURRENTLY USED DEVICES

3.1 General 

3.2  Weirs .

a. General

b. Standard 90° V-notch weir

c. Selection of weir type 

d. Discharge measurements 

e. Discharge equations

f. Maintenance

g. Data processing and review

3.3 Velocity meters

a. Usage

b. Description of devices

c. Installation of devices 

d. Monitoring procedures

3.4 Calibrated container devices 

CHAPTER 4-INTERNAL MOVEMENT (EMBEDDED) MEASUREMENT DEVICES

A. USAGE AND TYPES OF INSTRUMENTS

4.1 General 

4.2 Types of instruments

B. CURRENTLY USED DEVICES

4.3 Plumblines 

a. Usage 

b. Description of devices

c. Advantages and limitations

d. Installation procedures.

e. Maintenance 

f. Data collection and processing

4.4 Extensometers .

a. Usage.

b. Advantages and limitations

c. Description of devices 

d. Installation procedures

e. Monitoring procedures

f. Maintenance

g. Data processing and review

4.5 Inclinometers (deflectometers)-normal installation

a. Usage

b. Advantages and limitations

c. Description of devices

d. Installing sensors

e. Monitoring procedures

f. Maintenance

g. Data processing and review

4.6 Inclinometers-fixed position

a. Usage

b. Advantages and limitations

c. Description of devices

d. Installation procedures

e. Monitoring procedures

f. Maintenance

g. Data processing and review

4.7 Strain meters

a. General

b. Advantages and limitations

c. Description of devices

d. Installation procedures

e. Monitoring procedures

d. Maintenance

e. Data processing and review

4.8 Joint meters

a. General

b. Advantages and limitations

c. Description of devices

d. Installation procedures

e. Monitoring procedures

f. Maintenance

g. Data processing and review

4.9 Foundation deformation meters

a. General

b. Advantages and limitations

c. Description of devices

d. Installation procedures

e. Monitoring procedures

f. Maintenance

g. Data processing and review

4.10  No-Stress" strain meters

a. General

b. Advantages and limitations

c. Description of devices

d. Installation procedures

e. Monitoring procedures

f. Maintenance

g. Data processing and review

4.11 Optical plummets 

a. General

b. Advantages and limitations

c. Description of devices

d. Installation procedures

e. Monitoring procedures

f. Maintenance

g. Data processing and review

4.12  Stress meters

a. General 

b. Advantages and limitations 

c. Description of devices 

d. Installation procedures 

e. Monitoring procedures

f.  Maintenance

g. Data processing and review 

4.13 Other devices

a. General 

b. Advantages and limitations

c. Description of devices

d. Installation procedures

e. Monitoring procedures

f. Maintenance

g. Data processing and review

CHAPTER 5-SURFACE MEASUREMENT DEVICES

5.1 General considerations 

5.2 Collimation measurements

a. General

b. Advantages and limitations 

c. Description of devices

d. Installation procedures

e.  Monitoring procedures 

f. Maintenance

g Data processing and review

5.3  Trilateration using Electronic Distance Measurements 101

a. General

b. Advantages and limitations

c. Description of devices

d. Installation procedures

e.  Monitoring procedures

f. Maintenance

g. Data processing and review

5.4 Triangulation

a. General

b.  Advantages and limitations

c. Description of devices

d. Installation procedures

e. Monitoring procedures

f. Maintenance

g. Data processing and review

5.5  Precision leveling

a.  General

b.  Advantages and limitations

c. Description of devices

d. Installation procedures

e. Monitoring procedures

f. Maintenance

g. Data processing and review

5.6 Surface measuring points

a.  General

b.  Advantages and limitations

c. Description of devices

d. Installation procedures

e. Monitoring procedures

f. Maintenance

g. Data processing and review

5.7 Tiltmeters

a.  General

b.  Advantages and limitations

c. Description of devices

d. Installation procedures

e. Monitoring procedures

f. Maintenance

g. Data processing and review

CHAPTER 6-VIBRATION MEASUREMENT DEVICES

A. HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF DEVICES

6.1 General

6.2 Types of devices

B. CURRENTLY USED DEVICES

6.3 Strong-motion earthquake instruments

a. General

b. Usage of devices

c. Description of devices

d. Operation and maintenance considerations

e. Monitoring procedures

f. Data processing and review

CHAPTER 7-SUPPLEMENTAL MEASUREMENTS AND DEVICES

A. TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS

7.1 General

7.2 Resistance thermometer

a. Usage

b. Description of devices

c. Installation procedures

d. Monitoring procedures

e. Maintenance

f. Data processing and review

7.3 Thermocouples

a. Usage

b. Advantages and limitations

c. Description of devices

d. Installation procedures

e. Monitoring procedures

f. Maintenance

g. Data processing and review

B. SPECIAL MEASUREMENTS

7.4 Water quality testing

a. Purpose

b. Water sampling techniques

c. Types of tests

d. Data analysis and presentation

C. SPECIAL  DEVICES

7.5 Automated devices

a. Pressure measurement devices

b. Seepage measuring devices

c. Lake and tail water elevation devices

7.6 Remote sensing devices and methods

a. Automatic data acquisition

b. Satellite transmission

Bibliography

Appendix A-Selected bibliography

Appendix B-Summary of instrumentation in Bureau of Reclamation concrete dams