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Cytochalasin: Incidence and Biological Activities

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Cytochalasin: Incidence and Biological Activities

S. Kiran , M. Surekha & S.M. Reddy

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Blurb

The present book deals with cytochalasins, an emerging mycotoxins, which are diverse both in structure and producing organism. Similarly they exhibit diverse biological activities. In addition to their toxicity, some of them proved to be effective in the cancer treatment. The isolation and detection methods formed a separate chapter. A brief account of biosynthesis of different cytochalasins are also described. The ecology and mechanisms of action are discussed in a separate chapters. The relation between structure and activity are discussed. In the end, strategies to be adapted in the management of these unique mycotoxins are given along with future direction of research.

Chapter-1: Introduction and classification

Chapter-2: Structure of different cytochalasins

              2.1. Cytochalasins

              2.2. Aspochalasins

              2.3. Alachalasins

              2.4. Chaetoglobosins

              2.5. Zygosporins

              2.6. Deoxaphomin, proxiphomin and protophomin  

              2.7. Flavichalasins

              2.8. Penochalasins

              2.9. Epicochalasins

              2.10. Asperchalasins

              2.11. Spicochalasins

              2.12. Rosellichalasin

              2.13. Ascochalasins

              2.14. Pyrichalasin H

              2.15. Periconiasins

Chapter-3:  Taxonomy of cytochalasins producing fungi

Chapter-4: Isolation and detection of cytochalasins 

Chapter-5: Biosynthesis

Chapter-6: Biological activities

             6.1 Cytotoxicity

             6.2 Mutagenicity and teratogenicity

             6.3 Locomotion and cytoplasmic streaming

             6.4 Cytophysiological

             6.5 Cell attachment and adhesion

             6.6 Cell sorting, aggregation and disaggregation

             6.7 Morphogenesis

             6.8 Endocytosis

             6.9 Exocytosis

             6.10 Immunological functions

             6.11 Viral infectibility 

             6.12 Blood clot retractions

             6.13 Osmotic balance

             6.14 Electro physiological effects

             6.15 Axoplasmic transformation

             6.16 Metabolic cooperation

             6.17 Ovulation

             6.18 Pigment granule dispersion

             6.19 Interaction with contractile system

             6.20 Alteration in membranes structure and function

             6.21 Capping and Agglutination 

             6.22 Antimicrobial and antiparasitic including viruses 

             6.23 Phytotoxicity

             6.24 Pharmacological properties

             6.25 Mycotoxins and food spoilage 

             6.26 Metabolism and macromolecular synthesis

                     i) Glycolysis

                     ii) Interaction with hormonal mechanisms

                          a) Peptide hormones

                          b) Steroids hormones

Chapter-7: Ecological significance

Chapter-8: Structure- activity relationship

Chapter-9: Management of cytochalasins producing fungi

Chapter-10: Prospects and Future

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