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Home Books Agriculture Agriculture Pathological Problems of Economic Crop Plants and Their Management

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Blurb

The pathological problems of plants are as old as agriculture. They have always been important to human beings because they pose serious threat to plants and products of importance. The host- pathogen interaction is a serious struggle for survival between the two. However, both the plants and their pathogens, under their natural habitat, attain a condition of balance so that both can survive. Had it not been so, either weak pathogens or the susceptible hosts would not have existed. Subsistence agriculture, under conditions of low fertility, poor seed, low moisture and other inputs, does not allow development of epidemics due to an ecological equilibrium between host and pathogen. In contrast, the modern agriculture, harnessing the inherent higher potential of present day cultivars, involves extensive monoculture over large area coupled with improved tillage, fertigation, etc. is responsible for creating conditions favourable for diseases to develop to an epidemic proportion. They cause immense yield losses covering vast land areas stretching over hundreds of thousands of hectares in different countries. Simply, the large number of plant diseases/pests is enough to prove their importance. But many of them have historic and economic significance. Hence, they were studied at length at the expense of large amount of funds and scientific manpower. This is also because of their pandemic nature and catastrophic effects. No doubt the present day knowledge has been able to tame many important diseases yet some others are continuing to baffle human beings with their unpredictable nature and serious destructive ability. Nevertheless, in any given crop and environment, only a few diseases stand apart due to their major economic importance. Development of a disease is naturally based on the presence of pathogen(s) and its interaction with the host and all concerned facets of cropping. Therefore, the easiest approach always had been and would remain preventing the pathogens from causing infections and/or to reduce their spread and effects.