The Eleocharis R. Br. (Cyperaceae) is usually associated with waters and wetlands and some being amphibious. Four species of Eleocharis from Ratnagiri district in Maharashtra were studied for the anatomy of culm, stolon, rhizome and root in order to find the distinctiveness and affinities of the two newly discovered species with two of other species sympatric with them. The ontogeny of aerenchyma in the roots developed through lysogeny while that of outer and inner cortex aerenchyma in stem/stolon followed schizogenous pattern. There are differences in the structure of aerenchyma and in silica bodies present amongst the species. It is possible to distinguish the individual species with overall anatomical characters as evidenced by the key provided.