Availability of high yielding varieties and quality seed are pivotal for enhancing and sustaining food production. Seed production chain, which commences with the indenting of varieties for breeder seed production is a continuous process to make quality seed available to the famers and dynamic as crop improvement programmes provides high yielding varieties for seed production. The present paper reviews the seed chain in the first five years of the current decade. Varietal replacement during the first five years of the current decade increased almost in all the food crops studied with increased contribution of recently released varieties to the breeder seed indent except rice. Cereals and pulses were the major contributors accounted for 33.9%-38.8% and 16.4%-21.4% of the total breeder seed indent, respectively, during 2019-20 to 2024-25. Availability of breeder seed was always higher than requirement across the years by 48.0%-68.2% for cereals and 17.3%-67.5% for pulses. Wheat (75.6%-80.9%) and chickpea (68.4%-81.9%) were the largest contributors among the cereals and pulses, respectively, to the total crop indent during 2020-21 to 2024-25. Availability of foundation seed peaked during 2020-21 (23.61 lakh q) from 21.83 lakh q during 2019-20 and surpassed the requirement for cereals by 37.2%-82.4% and pulses by 13.7%-28.7% during 2020-21 to 2024-25. Quality/ certified seed of the field crops requirement increased from 2019-20 (31.73 lakh tons) by 8.1%-26.2% and reached 40.04 lakh tons during 2024-25. Contribution of cereals and pulses to total seed requirement was 69.0%-72.4% and 10.2%- 11.8%, respectively. Quality /certified seed of pulses was consistently higher over the requirements by 3.9%-10.2% and cereals by 12.1%-22.5% during the period of analysis. Both requirement (3.17-4.0 million tons [ m t]) and the availability of seed (3.62-4.49 m t ) of field crops increased consistently over the last six years and enhanced by 26.2% and 24.0%, respectively, during 2024-25 over that of 2019-20. Share of public sector in total seed availability has been consistently decreasing from 42.1% during 2019-20 to 30.2% during 2024-25. Some issues like, irrational indenting for breeder seed, induction of minor pulses, cereals, potential crop and bio-fortified crops in the seed chain, heavy dependence on private sector for seed, varietal mismatches in requirement and availability of breeder seed, research on storage of breeder seed for longevity, high contribution of older varieties (>15 years) in pulses especially in greengram and unusual, surge in indent for some older varieties in chickpea, reduced SRR abruptly for chickpea in recent years and very high SRR for finger millet, blackgram and lentil, needs critical analysis.