The biodiversity of mushrooms in the hilly parts of India is rich. Mushrooms are consumed by the tribal and rural population during the monsoon season. Many beliefs and myths are associated with mushrooms. Cases of mushroom poisoning are reported in the regional newspapers. A database of poisonous mushrooms and mushroom poisoning is not available in India. A list of 20 toxic and 7 psychoactive mushroom species occurring in India has been compiled, along with the information on medicinal values and beliefs. The consumption of psychoactive mushrooms was non-existent. The consumption of toxic mushrooms was found to be accidental.