Marwar the largest kingdom in Rajputana was established in 6th century. The 2 state spread over 91124 km has 22 Parganas. Based on available old records from 1657 AD onwards, administrative and census reports and maps, the tenancy system, land use and agriculture of erstwhile Marwar State has been assessed. Abolition of Jagirs and development of land tenure and land reforms are highlighted. Marwar State map of 1939 was digitized and map showing parganas and villages of different legal status has been prepared. Historical development in land use, irrigation and cropping system are worked out and mapped by analyzing data from 1900-01 to 2009-10. 

A field experiment was conducted on sandy loam soil at Jodhpur during rabi season of 2006-2007 and 2007-2008 to study the effect of biofertilization, nitrogen and phosphorous on productivity of mothbean. Rhizobium, Phosphotica and dual inoculation of Rhizobium + Phosphotica significantly enhanced the growth parameters viz., plant hight, branch/plant, nodules/plant and grain and straw yields of mothbean. Maximum grain yield, seed/pod, growth parameter and nodules/plant were recorded in Rhizobium + Phosphotica combined with N @ 10 kg/ha + P@ 20kg/ha followed by Rhizobium+Phosphotica + N15 + P30. Straw yield, pods/plant, 1000-seed weight and seed weight/plant were significantly high in T7 followed by T6. Harvest index followed the order of Rhizobium+ Phosphorica (49.7) and Phosphotica (49.6) and it decreased with increasing N and P doses. Net return of mothbean was maximum in Rhizobium+ Phosphotica combined with N@ 10 kg/ha + P@20kg/ha (Rs 17328/ha) followed by Rhizobium + Phosphotica + N15 + P30 (Rs 16,467/ha). However, returns per rupee invested were more in T6 (Rs 295) followed by T7 (Rs 2.9) and Rhizobium+ Phospholica (Rs 2.9).