Medicinal uses of 84 angiospermic plant species belonging to 82 genera belonging to 40 families were used by valaiyans in their traditional modes of treatment of diseases and various ailments like wounds, cuts, stomach pain, diabetes, fever, eczema, dandruff, cold, body heat, poisonous bites etc., are presented in this paper.

India is a versatile reservoir of medicinal plants of the world. The spectrum of medicinal flora is distributed in the terrestrial forest ecosystem, the alpine, the coastal region as well as the sea depth. Since centuries, the medicinal plants of forest have been invariably utilized by the humanity for the cure of various ailments. These plants are extensively used in traditional system of medicine. In this present work 34 species of medicinal plant belonging to 27 family are listed from Reang Tribes of North Tripura. These plants are reported to be effective for a number of diseases. The plants in this work are listed only on the basis of oral information. No pharmacological investigation of the plants mentioned here was carried out and as such this project does not suggest to use them.

Pavetta wightii Hook. f. has been rediscovered after a long lapse of 79 years.Present collection forms an extended distributional record for the taxon, which is again an addition to the flora of Kerala State. Detailed description with illustration is provided.

The present paper deals with the ethnobotanical observations of the tribe, Irulars, living in the Reserve forest of Siruvani hills, Western Ghats, India, Nineteen plants used as veterinary medicine are described.

The present study provides the ethnomedicinal-lore of West District of Sikkim Himalaya and it’s variety of tribals they are using these wild ethnomedicines in their daily life for the common health problems. The current study reveals the rarely known ethnomedicinal plants collected from the same region with their utility in regular ailments and it has been made during plant samples collection from West Sikkim forest area to CDRI, for primary biological screening programme to find out new drug molecules for the development of new drugs. The current field survey gives an enumerative account of 25 plant species, belonging to 21 families which are being used by the local tribal inhabitants of the same area for the treatment of various common ailments. Each plant is enumerated alphabetically with correct binomial, vernacular name, family, part used, mode of administration and dose duration of the herbal medicinal preparations are properly documented and given here to enrich the authenticity and value addition for further research.

Present study deals with the documentation of ethnomedicinal plants of Khanapur and Belgaum areas of Karnataka in the Northern Western Ghats, South India. The study resulted in the documentation of 91 medicinal plant species belonging to 51 families used to cure 64 types of diseases. Habit wise distribution of medicinal plants indicates that the trees are used maximally, followed by herbs, shrubs and climbers. Eight plant species are in use to treat both wounds and fever; six species each are for bone fracture and male/female fertility problems. However, the scientific validation is required to prove their efficacy and ultimately to develop newer herbal drugs.

Arunachal Pradesh, the largest state of N.E. India covers an area of 83,743 sq km.Out of this 68,757 sq km is covered by forests. It has a very rich flora containing many rare endangered and endemic plants with 4500 species of Angiosperms including 525 species of Orchids, 450 species of medicinal plants, 45 species of bamboos, 20 species of canes and 35 species of Gymnosperms. The state is mountainous with altitudes ranging from 150 to 5500 m and above. According to the altitude the forest types are also different. The inhabitants of this hill state are tribal people and are mainly dependent on nature for their food, house and household equipment, treatment of diseases and other day to day needs. This paper is to highlight the medicinal plants used by the Nishi (Nishing) people of  Arunachal Pradesh, for treatment of diseases.

The paper reveals the result of exploration of ethnomedicinally important angiospermic plant taxa growing in the tribal locality of Nepal. Attempts were made to collect information from tribal people, Ojhas and Hakims regarding their uses against various diseases. The plants were identified botanically, arranged alphabetically along with their family names, local names (Hindi and Nepali),habit, flowering and fruiting period and uses of different parts.

Premna coriacea var. villosa (C.B Clarke) A. Rajendran & P. Daniel is a less known Premna species distributed in India, Bangladesh, Thailand and Vietnam. This taxon has not been collected from its type locality, Wayanadu India after R. H. Beddome’s collection in 1869. The recent exploration trips by the authors rediscovered this taxon from its type locality after a lapse of 145 years from India. A brief description with colour photographs is provided along with its distribution map

This work includes 35 rare and locally threatened medicinal plants collected from different parts of Bankura district in West Bengal and their ex situ conservation in the Medicinal Plant Garden of Bankura Christian College Campus. These plants are extensively used by Santal, Lodha, Sabar, Bauri, Behula and Tili communities for their ethnomedicinal properties. Due to over exploitation these plants are facing a serious threat to their existence in the district.

A survey of the ethnomedicinal plants used by the Irula tribe of Palghat district, Kerala, India was conducted and 40 medicinal plant species belonging to various genera of 23 families are reported. The botanical identity of the plant with local name, mode of preparation of medicine, application and administration are communicated in this paper.

The state of Maharashtra in Western Ghats possesses one of the richest Pteridophytic floras of the country as far as the species diversity is concerned. This paper represents the occurrence of Leptochilus decurrens Bl. forma lanceolatus a new fern generic record in the Fern flora of Maharashtra from Chandoli National Park (Sangali District), India. Details are given of its nomenclature, description, distribution and ecological notes on species are presented in this paper

The  paper  deals  with  34  plants  of  medicinal   importance   along  with  their vernacular names, process of medication and their doses.

The present communication is based on a survey of the folklore uses of medicinal plant in Ranikhet region of district Almora . An extreme field study in the remote localities of the district was carried out and information on the folk utilization of medicinal plants was gathered from the rural inhabitants. In the present study, as many as 44 plant species are reported as important ethnomedicines from Ranikhet region.

Frequent ethnomedicinal surveys were conducted between August 2004 and March 2008 in different tribal inhabited villages of Ratlam district (M. P.). An effort has been made to explore some ethnomedicinal uses of gums obtained from 9 Angiosperm plant species used by the tribal community. For each species the information relating to the botanical names followed by local names, methods of administration and prescribed dose has also been given

The lesser known plants could make a useful contribution to world food production because they are well adapted to adverse environmental conditions and are highly resistant to diseases and pests and have good nutritional qualities. In South India, the tropical forests of Western Ghats, one of the 18 biodiversically rich hot spots of the world has a large group of under utilized food plants. People of the Palliyar tribe of Srivilliputhur, Western Ghats, India use wild plants for food and supplement their diet with Dioscorea pentaphylla L., D. bulbifera L., Dolichos biflorus L., Canavalia gladiata (Jacq.) DC., Dolichos lablab L., Carissa carandas L., Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels, Sterculia urens L. etc. Most of the wild food plants are used to treat various ailments also.

This paper provides brief ethnomedicinal uses of 69 plant species belonging to 63 genera and 43 families used by the Munda and Santhal tribes of Mahilong forest range of Ranchi district, Jharkhand. These plant species have been arranged alphabetically with their family, life form, local name, locality, ethnomedicinal uses and voucher number.

The study highlights the medicinal plants used for treating cuts and wounds by the tribals of Khammam district of Andhra Pradesh. It yielded 46 species of plants covering 45 genera and 34 families. Six plants are exclusively used for cuts, 19 for wounds and 21 for both. One plant species and 8 practices each for cuts and wounds and 11 for both were found to be new.

The tribals of Attapadi hills, a part of Western Ghats in Kerala State, use 48 plant species (including one gymnosperm and two pteridophytes) belonging to 47 genera and 35 families as herbal remedy for their ailments. These plants are used as antidote, anthelmintic, pain reliever, cooling tonic, emetic, general health vitalizer, lactogen, purgative and for skin diseases. The use of Acalypha fruticosa for cold and cough, Cryptolepis buchananii for dental caries, Naringi crenulata for ulcer and Thespesia populnea for fungal infection are some of the interesting observations.The tribals of Attapadi hills, a part of Western Ghats in Kerala State, use 48 plant species (including one gymnosperm and two pteridophytes) belonging to 47 generaand 35 families as herbal remedy for their ailments. These plants are used as antidote, anthelmintic, pain reliever, cooling tonic, emetic, general health vitalizer, lactogen, purgative and for skin diseases. The use of Acalypha fruticosa for cold and cough, Cryptolepis buchananii for dental caries, Naringi crenulata for ulcer and Thespesia populnea for fungal infection are some of the interesting observations.

The present investigation revealed the use of 59 plant species belonging to 56 genera as wild food by the tribals of Attapadi Hills in Western Ghats of Palghat district in Kerala. The rhizomes, tubers, fruits, seeds, grains, leaves and young shoots of these plants are used for this purpose. The use of fruits of Baccaurea courtalensis (Onapazham) and the seeds of Cycas circinalis (Eendhu) is specific to this region. Dioscorea bulbifera (Perukku), D.pentaphylla var. pentaphylla (Noorakizhanghu) and D. oppositifolia (Kavalakizhanghu) are also used as famine food.

    The paper reports 102 plants medicinally used traditionally by the tribals of Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary in Palakkad district of Kerala State. The study was conducted during the period 2003 to 2006. The Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary is the home of four tribal commu-nities, viz. Kadars, Malasars, Malamalasars and Muduvans. Data were collected by Participatory Rural Appraisal, questionnaire survey and interview with elder people. During the study, data on 102 plants used to cure common ailments were collected. Among them, 10 species are used for cuts and wound healing, 13 species for cough and cold, 4 species for treating snake-bites, 4 species for head-ache, 7 species used to control dysentery, 3 species for jaundice etc. Besides botanical identity of the plants, local names, application and administration of medicines are communicated in this paper.

Madhya Pradesh is rich in floristic as well as ethnic diversity. It comprises 50 districts and forest covers 30.9 % of the total area of the state. More than 41 tribal communities resides in or around the forests and depend mainly on forest resources for their daily requirements like food, fodder, fibre, gum, resin, tannin, wood, medicines, dye for ascertaining the ethnobotanical status of the state. Presently, there are a number of ethnobotanical studies in different tribal inhabited localities of Madhya Pradesh are being carried out actively. The paper deals with the 52 species of ethnomedicinal plants belonging to 50 genera and 37 families used as antipyretic agents by the tribals of Madhya Pradesh. The information has been gathered by field survey and from available literature.

The present paper outlines the occurrence of some common plants used for toothache in different areas of Poonch district of Jammu and Kashmir. Ethanobotanical data were collected through semi structured interviews using the checklist interview method by means of field herbarium of the most commonly used species in the district. We recorded total 23 species of plants of which one belongs to gymnosperms and rest 22 belonging to 21 angiospermic families