The random sampling study of forest stand structure and regeneration potential of Bethuadahari  wildlifes sanctuary revealed the presence of three growth-layers in the forest stand (adult trees, saplings and seedlings). of the 33 tree species documented, the Fabaceae alone are represented by seven species followed by Moraceae (Ficus with 4 spp.). The Shannon-Wiener indices (H) for trees was 2.28, saplings 1.48, and seedlings 1.69, indicating a moderate density. Concentration of dominance and evenness indices for trees, saplings and seedlings were 0.16, 0.27, 0.27 and 0.3, 0.73, 0.36, respectively. The tree density and basal cover was found to be 378.24 indivs./ ha-1 and 42.16 m2/ha-1, respectively for trees, 673.91 indivs./ha-1 and 2.87 m2/ha-1 , respectively for samplings and 805.22 indivs./ha-1 and 0.43 m2/ha-1, respectively for seedlings. Tectona grandis was the most dominant species (IVI: 83.07). Only nine species showed ‘good’ regeneration, three each ‘fair’ and ‘poor’ regeneration whereas the rest (majority: 18 spp.) showed no regeneration. Overall, the sanctuary with seedlings>saplings>trees showed good regeneration potential. Most of the tree individuals being of lower diameter classes (10–20 cm and 20.01–30 cm) indicate the plant community of the sanctuary is in evolving stage

The LM and SEM morphology of nutlets of 10 taxa of the genus Eleocharis R.Br. (Cyperaceae: Cperoideae: Eleocharideae) was described from Tamil Nadu, India. The nutlets of the genus showed a range of diversity in terms of their colour (shiny blackish-purple, greyishbrown and yellowish-brown), shape (trigonous-obovoid to biconvex-obovoid), size (0.6–2.2 mm long), number of hypogynous bristles (3–10) and surface ornamentation (smooth, pitted, striate-reticulate and transversely ridged). A combination of nutlet features characterize each taxon and therefore, a taxonomic key based exclusively on the nutlet features was constructed to delimit the ten taxa of Eleocharis reported from Tamil Nadu, India.

The study enumerates 64 taxa of the order Chlorococcales from the wetlands of Bhagalpur district, Bihar, India out of 32 samples (two per a station) collected from 16 community development blocks in the district during the three seasons from Dec. 2020 to Nov. 2022. The algae identified represent 34 genera, namely of Actinastrum (2 spp.), Acutodesmus (1 sp.), Ankistrodesmus (4 spp.), Chlorella (1 sp.), Choricystis (1 sp.), Coelastrum (3 spp.), a species each of Comasiella, Crucigenia, Dactylococcus, Desmodesmus (9 spp.), a species each of Hydrodictyon, Kirchneriella, Lacunastrum, Lemmermannia, Messastrum, Micractinium (2 spp.),\ Monactinus (1 sp.), Monoraphidium (1 sp.), Oocystis (3 spp.), Neglectella (1 sp.), Pediastrum (6 spp.), Scenedesmus (8 spp.), Schroederia (2 spp.), Sorastrum (2 spp.), Stauridium (1 sp.), Steinedesmus (1 sp.), Tetradesmus (4 spp.), and a speices each of Tetraedron, Verrucodesmus, and Willea. Of these taxa, Actinastrum hantzschii, Ankistrodesmus falcatus, Chlorella vulgaris, Coelastrum microsporum, Desmodesmus abundans, Neglectella solitaria, Pediastrum simplex, P. duplex, Scenedesmus maximus, Tetradesmus dimorphus and T. lagerheimii were frequent throughout the wetlands sampled, they happen to be high pollution-tolerant species, indicating that these freshwater bodies are trending towards eutrophification.

The taxonomic status of the genus Cyathocline Cass. (Asteraceae) which is considered synonymous with Blumea DC. is re-assessed based on molecular phylogenetic analysis using the trnL–F, rbcL region and nodal anatomical characters. The evidence indicates that Cyathocline Cass. (1829) is monophyletic, homogeneous and occupies a distinct clade within Asteraceae: Inuleae and, thereby, reinstated as a genus distinct from Blumea DC. (1833), nom.cons.

The potential role of NTFPs in providing nutrition, health and alleviation of poverty in the livelihoods of the forest communities in greater parts of the world is an established fact. A detailed field survey of NTFPs used by the ethnic people in Paderu Forest Division in Eastern Ghats, Alluri Sitarama Raju district, Andhra Pradesh, conducted it resulted in enlisting 38 economically important products and how they contribute to the tribal household economy through oral interviews, group discussions, direct observation from forest dwellers, and from those who do marketing in the local weekly markets (shandies). For the first time, the empirical analysis of ethnic data that was collected through informal questionnaires was done using the analytical tool SPSS and the results are presented to suggest sustainable use of NTFPs on the one hand and their conservations on the other on mutual basis.

The species Persea himalayaensis M.Gangop. (Lauraceae) was first described in 2006 without designating the holotype. To validate this name, a lectotype was designated instead of holotype, by considering the specimens mentioned in the protologue as syntypes. As per the Melbourne Code (2012), any error in the usage of the terms such as lectotype is not correctable though such provision did exist in the Vienna Code (2006). Now, in the recently published Madrid Code (2025) again reverted it to be a correctable error; in other words, the term lectotype to denote what is, in fact, a holotype, is permitted. Against this background, the typifications done thrice for the name Persea himalayaensis was reexamined in detail and reassessed. Furthermore, the recently published taxon, Machilus odoratissimus var. debangensis M.Gangop. is proved as nomen illegitimate and was placed under Machilus duthiei King ex Hook.f.