The Chack Gajaria City wetland in Lucknow district, Uttar Pradesh, was conducted the diversity of alien invasive flowering plant species: their growth and life forms, habitat preferences and modes of introduction. The study resulted in documenting 62 alien angiosperms representing 54 genera of 27 families. The species such as Pistia stratiotes and Pontederia crassipes as water plants and Ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa, Typha angustifolia as amphibious and Parthenium hysterophorus as land species were found highly invasive. The most dominant families with invasive alien species were Fabaceae (9 spp.), Asteraceae (7 spp.), Malvaceae and Amaranthaceae  (5 spp. each) and Solanaceae and Cyperaceae (4 spp. each), Convolvulaceae and Poaceae (3 spp. each) while the rest of families were either with two or one species each. These findings provide the baseline information and emphasized the need for regular monitoring, early detection, effective management and control of invasive alien species in this urban wetland.

The study presents the diversity in qualitative and quantitative leaf traits such as leaf morphology and leaf area of 14 species of Asteraceae found in the Akola region of Maharashtra, India to understand their ecological significance and adaptive variations. Qualitative observations revealed considerable variation in leaf characters such as phyllotaxis, petiole morphology, lamina shape, venation, leaf margin type and surface The leaves are simple whereas pinnately compound in Tagetes erecta. Spiral phyllotaxy is dominant while opposite phyllotaxy was observed in species like Acmella calva, Lagasca mollis and Tridax procumbens. Leaf margins ranged from entire and crenate to serrate, dentate, pinnatisect and deeply lobed forms. Similarly, leaf surfaces varied from glabrous to densely pubescent, reflecting adaptation to local environmental conditions. Quantitative analysis showed significant differences in leaf size, leaf area and biomass among the studied species. Sonchus asper recorded the highest leaf area (94.24 sq cm), followed by Parthenium hysterophorus (93.56 sq cm) while Grangea maderaspatana exhibited the lowest leaf area (12.85 sq cm). The highest fresh and dry weights were also observed in Sonchus asper, indicating greater biomass accumulation. Variations in lamina dimensions and length-width ratios further demonstrated species-specific structural adaptations. Leaf morphological traits and leaf area measurements were found to be useful indicators for species identification, ecological adaptation and taxonomic evaluation.

This study documented and evaluated the traditional herbal remedies for the treatment of sickle cell anaemia (SCA) which is prevalent among the tribal communities of Alirajpur, Dhar, Dindori, Jhabuaand Mandla districts of Madhya Pradesh, India using the standard methods of Ethnobotanical survey. A total of 100 medicinal plant species were recorded as individual remedies or polyherbal formulations for SCA-related symptoms (anaemia, pain, fatigue, jaundice, infections, etc.). Decoctions, powders and fresh extracts were the main preparations of the medicines. Several plants had high informant consensus and were associated with antiinflammatory, antioxidant, hematinic, hepatoprotective and antisickling activities. The findings highlight indigenous knowledge and the potential of Ethnomedicinal resources for future pharmacological investigation with further phytochemical, toxicological and clinical validation.

Plant exudates such as gums and resins are ecologically and economically important forest products. In Telangana, species including Sterculia urens, Boswellia serrata and Gardenia gummifera provide valuable exudates used in traditional medicine and industries such as pharmaceutical and food. This study documents the gum, gum-resin and resin-yielding plants of Telangana forests, their traditional uses by indigenous communities and the associated Ethnobotanical knowledge. It also highlights major challenges, including unsustainable harvesting, overexploitation and poor market linkages, and emphasizes the need for sustainable management and integration of traditional knowledge to enhance the conservation and livelihood value of these forest resources.