An up to date account of the ethnobotany in the Andaman & Nicobar Islands, India is presented based on the authors' personal experiences with the aboriginal tribal populations of the islands and review of literature.

During the course of present study , since last one and half decade, various parts of Barda Hills of Saurashtra region were visited and 73 plant taxa were noted for ethnobotanical uses. The information regarding plants and their uses were collected from different types of villagers and tribal people who are staying in Nesses specially the Maldharies.

The species Rubus ellipticus Smith is one of the common species of the family Rosaceae. This species has been used by the villagers for medicine, edible and other purposes. It has considerable ethnobotanical significance among the rural communities. This paper represents the folk-lore records of this species in the context of Nepal.

During the course of present investigation, an extensive survey of 27 remote places scattered over 9 development blocks of Rewa district were conducted to enumerate the ethnobotanical importance of wild and natural plant resources.The study has revealed that the plant resources of this region are extremely rich and inhabitants solely depend on plants for their basic requirements since birth to death. Ethnobotanical survey and field work in the study areas throw light on their ethnic culture and tradition. The wild and natural plants are utilized as food, fodder, medicines and cultural, social and religious ceremonies.Due to destruction of habitat, biotic interference and indiscriminate exploitation of natural plants, many valuable species of this area are fast disappearing. Aboriginals conserve these species by faith, myth, taboos and religious aspects.The present work has direct impact on many basic problems of tribals and rural peoples. The economic condition of these peoples would be upgraded by setting up a rural infrastructure of employment through cottage industries.

The present paper deals with the study of ethno-botanical importance of 116 plants species fewer than 97 genera belonging to 52 families of district, Odisha, India. Different plants available in the locality used by the tribes like Barhia (Binjal), Sabar, Kond, Gond, Munda,Mirdha, Harijan, Shet,Barik, Majhi, Nayak, Oran andPandeyare summarized. Out of 13 tribes Barhia, Sabar, Kond, Gond tribes are predominated in this district. The valid scientific names, vernacular names, habits, localities, plant parts used and their ethnobotanical uses are given

Regular field surveys were undertaken during 2007-08 to the forest patches and villages of Malkangiri which are populated by Gadabas. By interacting with them a number of ethno-medicinally significant plant species and their uses were recorded. Out of those, 35 plant species of immense importance are enumerated with their uses in this communication.

From the dawn of history hydrophyte have been cultivated for an astonishing diversity, nutritional and ornamental purposes and for many other things. In Kashmir these are mainly used as fodder and form an important element in fishing and in the wild life conservation. The food value of this group of the plants is wrongly discarded by the locals yet many of these are consumed in one or other form. Aquatic flora of this area in general has been totally ignored and no satisfactory work has been done. Now efforts are made to survey all the high and low altitudinal lakes and water bodies of this area and to have a detailed account of this interesting group of plants. In the present attempt thorough investigation has been undertaken and information collected from the locals, living adjacent to the lake shores and people dealing with the lake products. This information is valuable and first of its kind and may prove profitable to the common man.

Ethnobotanical information on 35 species of wild edible plants sold in the daily markets of Arunachal Pradesh has been reported in this paper.

This paper embodies folk-lores regarding the indigenous knowledge of floristic classification and a note on medicinal uses of plants by Raji Tribe of Pithoragarh and Champawat district of Uttaranchal State of India. The Raji Tribe is most socially and economically underdeveloped community of Central Himalayan region  of Uttaranchal  State

The present ethnobotanical survey was conducted during 2005-2007 among the Konda Dora, Konda Kammara, Konda Kapu, Konda Reddi, Koya Dora, Manne Dora and Valmiki ethnic tribes of East Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh. It was observed that 16 species of plants belonging to 15 genera and 10 families were used by the tribals for fishing practices. Bauhinia racemosa, Entada rheedi, Tephrosia purpurea and Xylia xylocarpa are new or less known plant poisons

The study records the folk-lore of 130 species of Nepalese legumes. Of them, 41 species of wild legumes are used for food and 14 species for fodder. Likewise, 118 species are valued in local therapy to treat 52 types of disease. These total legumes include 10 cultivated species which have ethnobotanical uses. However,other useful notes on fish-poison, snake-bite, scorpion-sting and washing body and clothes are also mentioned.

Field and rural market survey was undertaken to enlist non- conventional food plants which are of common use in southern Assam. The plants that are not very commonly available in the market and those which are not commonly utilised as food throughout the country are considered as non-conventional food plants.During the present work as many as 39 species of plants have been recorded which belong to 26 families. Some of the plants are Amischotolype hookeri, Blumea lanceolaria, Cyathea contaminans, Dendrocalamus strictus, Enydra fluctuans,Lepisanthes senegalensis, Solanum torvum etc.

Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub. is a small tree with typical crooked trunk Distributed all over the India, it is reported for multipurpose utilisation from every corner of the country. It has been mentioned frequently in the Vedas. Many mythological stories are attached with this species. Today also the species is valued for its food, fodder, fiber, medicinal and ornamental utilisations.  In western Maharashtra, the tree occurs abundantly near forest boundaries of moist and dry deciduous forests. The tribals inhabiting the western Maharashtra, viz. Mahadeokoli, Thakar and Katkari use all parts of this plant in one way or other. In the tribal culture also the tree has enormous value. This communication presents ethnobotanical observations on Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub..

This paper describes the plant and plant parts used by the Poliyars, one of. the oldest tribal communities of Anaimalai Hills, for the treatment of various ailments food cultural traditional and religious ceremonies. Further, the habitat of the plnts ad the ocupational aspects of the tribes are also discussed .

This study has been undertaken to explore the traditional knowledge on the wide spectrum applications of Aegle marmelos (Linn.) Corr., which belongs to the family Rutaceae. This plant has a prominent place in Ayurveda, where it belongs to the medicinal groups like Ashtapathra, Brahatpanchamoola, Dasamoola and Panchapallava. The medicinal virtues of this plant find mention in ancient Sanskrit literatures viz., Bhava prakasa, Nighantu-ratnakara, Saligramanighantu. To document the different ethnobotanical uses of Aegle marmelos, a survey was conducted among seventy traditional Ayurvedic practitioners (vaidians) selected at random from three districts of Kerala. The study has brought to light the indigenous medicinal uses of roots, leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds and wood. The roots have wider applications in the treatment of gastric disorders, rheumatism, diabetics and snakebite. The leaves are used to cure diarrhoea, skin diseases, nervous disorders and also to prevent premature greying and falling of hair. It is also believed that the leaves have the property to eliminate the ill effects of poisonous substances. The flowers and fruits are used in the treatment of epilepsy, eye diseases, chronic diarrhoea and certain mental disorders. The young fruit is astringent, sour, demulcent, quick acting, promotes digestion, useful in kapha and vata and pleasant or agreeable for the heart. The seed oil is used as excellent laxative. The wood is used to make special couches for the rheumatic patients. Certain non-medicinal uses and magico-religious beliefs were also explored in the present investigation. Considering the immense indigenous medicinal potential, the present study highlights the importance of conservation, cultivation and also identification of elite varieties of Aegle  marmelos grown in the agro-climatic conditions of Kerala.

This article delineates the role of plant-based traditional medicines and their applications of indigenous beliefs, knowledge, . skills, customs and practices concerned in Primary Health Care among Nilgiri Irulas. In analyzing the ethno­ medical information, we present here data on 15 plant species belonging to 15 genera in 14 families detailed herein

An ethnobotanical survey has been carried out in different areas of Changthang valley. The present paper deals with 25 plant species of various uses alongwith botanical name, local name, family, locality & altitudes, brief notes and their respective uses. The ethnobotanical knowledge is limited to far-flung areas and passed from generation to generation. Therefore, the ethnobotanical wealth of the valley needs a proper plan for its scientific exploitation, mass propagation & cultivation and in-situ & ex-situ conservation.

The present investigation revealed the use of 59 plant species belonging to 56 genera as wild food by the tribals of Attapadi Hills in Western Ghats of Palghat district in Kerala. The rhizomes, tubers, fruits, seeds, grains, leaves and young shoots of these plants are used for this purpose. The use of fruits of Baccaurea courtalensis (Onapazham) and the seeds of Cycas circinalis (Eendhu) is specific to this region. Dioscorea bulbifera (Perukku), D.pentaphylla var. pentaphylla (Noorakizhanghu) and D. oppositifolia (Kavalakizhanghu) are also used as famine food.

In Maharashtra there are 20 major tribal communities. Though quite a good number of research publications have appeared on tribals of Maharashtra, some tribes like `Thakar' and `Kokna' need detailed ethnobotanical studies. Ethnobotanical studies on `Thakar' tribe inhabited in Pune, Thane, Raigad, Ahmednagar and Nasik districts have been carried out. A total number of 140 plant species belonging to 128 genera and 61 families of flowering plants and ferns used by `Thakar' for medicinal and other purposes have been reported and described. The number of plant species (in parenthesis) used by them for curing some important and common diseases/ ailments or for other purposes are : Abdominal pain (10), Cough, Cold and Fever (5), Jaundice (3), Diabetes (4), Piles (6), Rheumatism (6), Snake bite (4), Scorpion bite (3), Dog bite (2), Wounds/Injuries (5), Migraine/Fits (6), Leucorrhoea / Menstrual complaint (7), Contraceptive (8), Abortificient (3), Acidity/Ulcer (5), Conjunctivities/ Eye problem (3), General/Sexual weakness (9), Dysentery/Diarrhoea (4), Food/ Vegetable (12), Cordage/Fiber (7), Magico-religious beliefs (4) etc. Of the total 140 species, 28 plant species, which have ethnobotanical potential, have been recorded for the first time from Maharashtra.

During the course of ethnobotanical studies, the author came across 32 wetland grasses which have influenced the culture of ethnic communities and have played an important roles in soil binding, supply of fodder and food during scarcity and wild genetic resources for cultivated grain crops. These taxa are enumerated in this paper alpha-betically along with local name, flowering and fruiting period, conservation status in the area and uses.

Biligirirangana Hill Forest range is a part of Eastern Ghats, situated in Mysore District of Karnataka State. Though earlier studies on the flora and vegetation of this area have been made (Razi, 1946; 1950; 1955; Rao, 1977, Razi and Subramanyam, 1978), ethnobotanical aspects were almost neglected. The present study was undertaken to fill this gap and to depict the little known native uses of 39 plant species belonging to 27 families of flowering plants.

Ethnobotanical studies were conducted in Melpattu Reserve Forest, Javvadhu hills of Eastern Ghats, Tiruvannamalai district during 1995-97 and recorded the information from the resourceful healers of the tribal community. The present study enumerates ethno-medicinal uses of 63 species.

A brief study on the occurrence of certain Asteraceous plants, utilised in different aspects by the inhabitants both tribals and non-tribals of Assam and its neighbouring areas has been made. 43 species included in 40 genera belong to the family Asteraceae have been recorded in the present work. Most of the plants enumerated here are medicinally useful besides the food, fodder, insecticidal,ornamental and other purposes.