India is a versatile reservoir of medicinal plants of the world. The spectrum of medicinal flora is distributed in the terrestrial forest ecosystem, the alpine, the coastal region as well as the sea depth. Since centuries, the medicinal plants of forest have been invariably utilized by the humanity for the cure of various ailments. These plants are extensively used in traditional system of medicine. In this present work 34 species of medicinal plant belonging to 27 family are listed from Reang Tribes of North Tripura. These plants are reported to be effective for a number of diseases. The plants in this work are listed only on the basis of oral information. No pharmacological investigation of the plants mentioned here was carried out and as such this project does not suggest to use them.

Dharmapuri and Krishnagiri districts of Tamilnadu are located in the northwest corner of Tamilnadu. They are part of Deccan plateau and Mysore table land, occupied at an altitude of 300-1200m. The vegetation is scrub jungle and dry deciduous forest. 1200 species of flowering plants belonging to 120 families are present in these 2 districts. 237 species are trees, 136 species are shrubs, 81 species are climbers 485 species are herbs. 258 species are monocotyledons and 945 species are dicotyledons. Fabaceae (Leguminosae) is the largest family with 111 species. Botanical survey of India southern circle Coimbatore (1981-1988) studied the flora of these 2 districts in its flora Tamilnadu analysis. Mathew K.M. (1981-90) Rapinat herbarium Tiruchirapalli made a thorough survey on the flora of these districts. The common trees are listed in the table with common name and local name. Morethan 100 economically important medicinal herbs are distributed here. Rubia cordifolia, Gloriosa superba, Decalepis hamiltonii, Pterocarpus santalinus, Caralluma attennuata, Santalum album, Crataeva magna, Aristolochia indica, Aristolochia bracteolata are rare plants. More than 1000 villages are located in these two districts. The barren unused lands can be planted with native drought resistant trees and shrubs and enrich the green belt around villages. The districts are known for mango and tamarind and tomato. Granite industry is also a major activity here. The Hosur and Denkanikota area is well known for cut flower and vegetable production

Lagerstroemia microcarpa Wight (Lythraceae) collected from village Patri of tehsil Sailana district Ratlam, for the first time from to the Madhya Pradesh state. The morphological features, up to date nomenclature, time of flowering - fruiting, ecological notes and photographs of this species have been presented in this paper.

Habenaria foliosa A.Rich. belonging to family of Orchidaceae is recorded for the first time from Saurashtra. The complete description and photographic illustration of the specimen is provided here for its easy identification.

The paper throws light on traditional and experimental gardens and discusses their role in preservation and protection of valuable plant resources with special reference to the Experimental Garden at Barapani in Meghalaya.

The present paper reports addition of three species for the Flora of Marathwada

The paper deals with 445 species of angiosperms belonging to 343 genera and 117 families of Sriharikota island, Nellore (DT), Andhra Pradesh. Among these Dicotyledons are represented by 365 species belonging to 279 genera of 96 families. Monocotyledons include 77 species belonging to 61 genera of 18 families. Pteridophytes includes 3 species of 3 genera belongs to 3 families.17 Earlier recorded species are not recorded in this study. Among 117 families leguminosae is dominant family with 51 species in this island.

The cult of worshipping plants as a blessing from God on earth has its roots deep in the history of human civilization. Plants were considered as a solemn symbol that protected and defended man in various ways. Over the centuries, possibly, the world’s first recorded conservation measures were enacted in India by emperor Ashoka, the Great. Later on, the agricultural practices and the other daily chores of primitive man provided definite clues for the significant tradition conservation. However, with the human population increasing manifolds, the production pressure on the land has also increased simultaneously. The enhanced rate of production, exploitation and exhaustion has left us with unabated devastation of resources. Whatever has remained is due to the socio-cultural and religious traditions. Keeping this in mind, the present article is an attempt to have a glimpse into the ethnic, social and religious practices adopted in various parts of the country leading to the conservation of natural wealth.

The undivided Kalahandi district was a grand repository of vegetable wealth of which medicinal plants were plentiful. Of the 62 tribes inhabiting in Orissa, about 54 tribes are present in this region since they are utilising various forest products to meet the necessities of life sustenance. However, in course of time the forest cover has been reduced mostly due to over exploitation of woody elements. One of the important aspects of tribal lifestyle is utilisation of indigenous medicinal plants to cure various ailments. Due to depletion of medicinal plants there is also shrinkage of this knowledge among them. Hence, a floristic exploration of medicinal plants has been launched upon during 1997-1999. This has yielded 229 angiospermic species under 197 genera belonging to 76 families. These have been properly identified and are preserved in the form of herbarium specimens in the P.G. Department of Botany, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar. Their nomenclatures have been updated. In the present checklist, the species are arranged alphabetically with corresponding families and local Oriya names. Different parts used to cure diseases have also been appended. Need for the conservation of rare and less known medicinal plants has been highlighted.

Days are not quite far when due to wide spread destruction of the green, the environment would be unhealthy for all organisms. Raising awareness for plant conservation among the people is, therefore, a must-do task for all. The authorities of Indian Botanic Garden organise different types of programmes throughout the year for conservation awareness on plant among the masses.

The state of Maharashtra in Western Ghats possesses one of the richest Pteridophytic floras of the country as far as the species diversity is concerned. This paper represents the occurrence of Leptochilus decurrens Bl. forma lanceolatus a new fern generic record in the Fern flora of Maharashtra from Chandoli National Park (Sangali District), India. Details are given of its nomenclature, description, distribution and ecological notes on species are presented in this paper

The paper reports an account of the plants of Orissa that are useful for the extraction of homoeopathic drugs. A total of 107 species have been enlisted through literature survey as homoeopathic medicinal plants with their correct nomenclature and local names. These species belong to 97 genera under 48 families. Each species is provided with its place of availability, natural or exotic, chemical property and other information that are useful for homoeopathic pharmaceutical industry.

The present paper mainly deals with the bio-diversity of Hailakandi District and its conservation. The paper also deals with the habitat and distribution of plants in different localities of the district. A large varieties of Pteridophytes and Angiosperms were collected from the natural habitat which exhibits various kinds of diversities. Out of the total 188 plants 43 species were Pteridophytes & 145 species were Angiosperms. The present survey work revealed that amongst the pteridophytes, dominant families are found to be Polypodiaceae and Pteridaceae.On the otherhand, among the Angiosperms, plants belonging to the family Asteraceae, Orchidaceae & Leguminosae (Fabaceae) were dominant in comparison to others. Since the habitat and the plant biodiversity of the area have been degraded in a big way, appropriate conservation measures have been discussed and recommended.

Diodia teres Walt., an annual herb native to tropical and subtropical America, is newly recorded from Kolli hills, Eastern ghats, Tamilnadu. It is characterized by the four to eight fimbriate stipules and four persistent sepals in the capsule. The morphological description and illustration of D. teres are provided in the present work.

Six species of plants have been recorded from Akola district, Vidarbh region of Maharashtra as a noteworthy record.

Kumbhalgarh Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in the trijunction hilly tract of Pali, Rajsamand and Udaipur district of Rajasthan, India. Extensive floristic survey was carried out during the year 2000–2011 to document flora of Kumbhalgarh WLS and 515 plant species belonging to 106 families have been recorded. The higher generic coefficient (68.15%) of flora of this sanctuary indicates that the sanctuary have more varied habitats and intergeneric and intrageneric competition in the floral component. All the species are enumerated in the present paper along with their botanical name, family and habit

The genus Monothecium is reported as an addition to the Flora of Eastern Ghats. A brief description, nomenclature, ecology and other relevant notes are provided for identification of the taxon in the field.

Ethnobotanical survey covering Kalimpong hill subdivision (altitude to 3660 m) in the eastern Himalayan region of India was carried out by the present author during 2004-2006, following standard methods. The herbarium specimens were identified at CAL. Twelve species of flowering plants, widely used in the folk-medicine of this region, are highlighted in this paper. They have a broad spectrum of medicinal uses. New or less known healing applications of these plants were recorded. Such plants are mostly utilized by the Bhutias, Lepchas and Nepalis, the major ethnic communities of Kalimpong hills, bonded together by Nepali language. For each species, family, local names, life-form, altitude range and distribution, flowering and fruiting months, detailed uses, threat status of IUCN and annotations etc are given. Owing to over-exploitation, a number of medicinal and/or economically lucrative species are already under different categories of threat. Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz, has almost disappeared from this area as a result of ruthless exploitation during last twenty years. Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet ssp. indicum, a potent diuretic plant, is now ―extinct‖ in the wild in Kalimpong and adjoining Darjeeling hills, albeit it was abundant there about two decades ago. Several other medicinally important species heavily exploited in the past are: Aconitum bisma (Buch.-Ham.) Rap., Arisaema consanguinatum Schott, Hedychium spicatum Sm., Panax pseudoginseng Wall., Piper longum L., Stephania glabra (Roxb.) Miers etc and consequently they are now threatened. Biopiracy of such important medicinal plants often takes place from this region which must be strictly prohibited. In general, the underground plant parts e.g. root/stem tuber, rhizome, root etc have remarkably high medicinal value. Such plants of Zingiberaceae, Costaceae, Araceae, Araliaceae, Menispermaceae, Ranunculaceae and many other families provide the real medical support in everyday life in the mountainous remote villages where the qualified doctor to people ratio is 1:4892. Its fascinating to see that when the era of ―telemedicine‖ is coming up and probably arrived at the most modern doors, the people living in far-flung Himalayan villages are still healed at nature‘s own dispensary. The information given in this paper will be useful for backing conservation strategies, and facilitate better understanding of phytotherapy research.

This paper records fifty nine species belonging to forty two genera of family Asteraceae, collected from Hastinapur Wildlife Sanctuary. A comparison with an earlier published works revealed that twenty one species were not recorded previously from the study area and seven species recorded earlier could not be collected during present study. Among the species recorded, Eupatorium adenophorum and Parthenium hysterophorus are known invasives, while further studies are needed to determine the invasive potential of Enydra fluctuans and Soliva anthemifolia.

This paper deals with angiospermic taxa of Bijnor belonging to the family Asteraceae. A total of 59 species belonging to 45 genera are reported.

Indian Botanic Garden is an unavoidable point of itinerary for native and foreign visitors. It is not only a place of aesthetic beauty to nature lovers but its plant wealth and expertise draws general public, students and researchers all the time alike. Some of its interesting visiting items have been mentioned in the paper.

The genus Barleria is represented by 26 species in India; while Khanna et al. reported 9 species (excluding Barleria acanthoides) of it from Madhya Pradesh. Barleria acanthoides has been reported from Gujarat, Haryana, Maharshtra, Panjab & Rajisthan states of India. The present communication facilitates to include Madhya Pradesh also in the list.

Hydnocarpus pentandrus (Buch.-Ham) Oken is reported as an addition to the flora of Eastern Ghats. It is presented here with detailed nomenclature, description, ecology, uses and notes on its conservation.

During the course of study of Flora of Kashmir valley, a total number of 124 families of seed plants of Kashmir have been recorded. A bracketed key to their identification has been prepared with a view to facilitate the students in their identification. The key is essentially based on easily seen characters and every attempt has been made to make it workable in the field as well as in laboratory. As far as possible multiple characters have been used in the leads to make the key work in vegetative, flowering and fruiting states of our plants. In regard to botanical nomenclature the international botanical nomenclature (1987) has been followed

The paper provides an account of 166 species under 136 genera and 67 families of medicinal angiosperms of Jaunpur district of Uttar Pradesh. Local names,flowering & fruiting periods, localities of occurrence and medicinal uses are given.

The importance of plant biodiversity and conservation has been shortly discussed in the paper with reference to the role of Botanical Survey of India.

The paper deals with 11 taxa of Smilax L. and one species of Heterosmilax Kunth (Smilacaceae) from Assam. Smilax lanceifolia,S. aspericaulis, S. ocreata and S. zeylanica constitute additions to the flora of Assam. A key to the species, detailed description,illustrations, and ethnobotanical notes are provided for the species enumerated.

Eurya ceylanica Wight (Theaceae) is a new distributional record for India.

Flora is essential for sustaining all animal life of an area and also for maintaining heritable eenironment for that area. Adequate knowledge of flora is necessary for planning of flora is necessary for planning sustainable development of that area. Pulicat Lake is the second largest brackish water lagoon after Chilika Lake of Orissa along the east coast of India. Estuaries and lagoons have brackish water which shows high biological productivity than fresh or sea water. Hence it has wide range of aquatic, terrestrial flora and fauna. The World Wide Fund for Nature declared it as a protected area. Present study aims to explore the floristic composition and its conservation methods of Pulicat lake

Bergia aestivosa Wight & Arn. (Elatinaceae) collected from villages Sarwania and Bambori, for the first time from the Malwa region of Madhya Pradesh state. The morphological features, up to date nomenclature, time of flowering - fruiting, ecological notes and photographs of this species have been presented in this paper

The present paper deals with the 96 plant taxa, reported additions to the flora of Anantapur district after Pullaiah and Yesoda (1989). A brief description to individual taxa is provided.

Thunbergia coccinea is reported as an addition to the flora of South India. Detailed description, nomenclature, phenology and other relevant details are provided for easy identification and better understanding of the taxa.