Chapter-1 Introduction to Microbiology
History and scope of microbiology, evolution of microbial life, theory of
spontaneous generation, important groups of prokaryotes – bacteria,
actinomycetes, fungi, mycoplasma, viruses, bacteriophages. Heterotrophic
bacteria, nitrobacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and cyanobacteria, lactic acid
bacteria, halophiles, thermophiles acidophiles and methanogens. Structure
and classification of viruses, viriods, prions
Chapter-2 Microbial growth and metabolism
Microbial cell structures and functions, Microbial Growth, its calculations,
different types of growth patterns (continuous, synchronous), measurement of
growth, cell energetic, overview of metabolic pathways: Glycolysis, Pentosephosphate
pathway, Entner-Doudoroff pathway, Glyoxalate pathway, The
citric acid cycle, Fermentation, Aerobic and anaerobic respiration,
Chemolithotrophy, Photosynthesis, Calvin cycle, Biosynthetic pathway for
fatty acids synthesis, Common regulatory mechanisms in synthesis of amino
acids, Regulation of major metabolic pathways
Chapter-3 Microbial Genetics
Microbial genetic system: conjugation, transformation, transduction, plasmid,
transposons, recombination, mutation and mutagens, DNA repair system,
Regulation of gene expression: repression and induction, Operon models,
Phage λ and its life cycle, other different types of phages and its life cycles,
microbial genetic map
Chpater-4 Microbial Ecosystems and intercations
Concept of Ecology, microbiology of different ecosystems: soil, rhizosphere,
phyllosphere, water – fresh, marine, air, sub-surface and extreme
environments, law governing and controlling the ecosystems, their
mathematical expressions, microbiology of rare ecosystems, microbial
interactions - symbiosis, synergism, commensalism, parasitism, amensalism,
antagonism and predation, Plant-microbe interactions for sustainable
agriculture, Biogeochemical cycling: C, N, S, P and other important elements,
Human-microbe interaction
Chapter-5 Environmental Microbiology
Case study of microbial life and metabolism in prominent extreme habitat,
Remediation of different polluted environments: Heavy metals, Organicals,
Pesticides, Petroleum contamination, pH problem, microbiology of sewage
and industrial effluents and their safe disposal, management of solid and
liquid organic wastes, composting, biogas, water purification, sewagetreatment
and sanitary analysis, water-borne diseases and effluent management.
Chapter-6: Disease Microbiology
Classification of infectious diseases, Reservoirs of infection, Nosocomial
infection, Emerging infectious diseases, Mechanism of microbial
pathogenicity, Nonspecific defense of host, Antigens and antibodies, Humoral
and cell mediated immunity, Vaccines, Human diseases caused by viruses,
bacteria, and pathogenic fungi
Chpater-7: Industrial Microbiology
Industrial production of metabolites - organic acids, alcohols, antibiotics,
vaccines, single cell proteins, probiotics, hormones, biofertilizers and
biopesticides, Fermentor designs and types, Control of fermentation process -
batch, feed batch and continuous. Downstream processing in fermentation
industry, Food and dairy microbiology: contamination, preservation and
spoilage of different foods and food products, microbiology of fermented
foods: vinegar, wine, sauerkraut, pickles, cheese, yoghurt
Chapter-8: Culture Techniques for Detection of Microbes
Microscopic techniques: Optical, phase contrast, fluorescent, scanning probe,
dark field and electron microscopes, Culture methods: Isolation and
enrichments of different types of microorganisms, Methods of sterilization and
disinfection, Taxonomic methods of identification: culture based taxonomy,
polyphasic taxonomy and Enumeration methods
Chapter-9: Advance Techniques in Microbiology
Genome sequencing and techniques, Proteomics, RNA studies, Meta-omics
techniques
Long and Short Notes - Exam Oriented
Milestones Microbiology
Tips and Tricks : Microbiology
