The present paper communicates information on 83 ethno-medicinally important plant species belonging to 77 genera and 41 families and being utilised for 57 common diseases by the tribal people of Ranchi district in Jharkhand. These plants have been arranged alphabetically with their family, vernacular name, plant habit, flowering and fruiting period, plant part used and specific uses.Several of the plant species are likely to go under the category of threatened plant species due to over exploitation and habitat destruction if appropriate scientific conservation measures are not adopted immediately.

Recognition of traditional systems of medicine owing to their time-tested efficacy,with no or less hazardous side effects, and availability at a low cost, warrants their development and promotion. In India, serious efforts are underway to utilize the medicinal plant wealth of the country for meeting the increasing demands of the pharmaceutical industry. The Kashmir Himalaya, which abounds a rich herbaceous medicinal flora, offers a great scope for the traditional medicine and medico-ethnobotanical studies. Some of the local treatments  commonly used by the inhabitants of the remote areas and other ethnic groups in Kashmir Himalaya have been identified. Also the measures for development and promotion of the traditional system are suggested.

A brief account is given on ethnomedicinal plants of Malnath hillocks. Here we have presented selected 32 ethnomedicinal plants which are used by tribal and rural people to cure various ailments.

During the course of study, it was noticed that several diseases can be cured with the use of very nominal doses of plant parts. Notable information was collected from local people by conducting dialogues and discussions in rural and urban areas of seven tehsils of Jodhpur district of Rajasthan spreading over arid and semi-arid regions. In the present communication 41 different plants and mode of their use to relive swelling, bleeding and pain from an acute disease like haemorrhoids have been discussed.

Nallamalais are one of the centres for plant diversity extended in central part of Eastern Ghats covering Kurnool, Mahaboob Nagar, Prakasam and small parts of Guntur and Nalgonda districts of Andhra Pradesh. There are about 1000 species of vascular plants in these hill ranges, which are being used for various purposes, including as medicine. These hill ranges are inhabited by important tribal groups Chenchus and Sugalis who possess a treasure of traditional knowledge on medicinal properties of large number of plants. Breast milk is the natural food for the infant feeding; it is not only beneficial to the infant but also to the mother. This paper highlights the plants used as galactogogue by the nursing mothers of tribal groups.

The spice family Zingiberaceae comprised of 53 genera and over 1400 species is distributed throughout the world. The family is economically most important for spice, medicines, essential oil, dye, oleoresin and also few of them are used as vegetables as well as garden plants. Orissa records only 9 genera and 24 species wildly growing in different forest areas belonging to this family. Regional Research Laboratory has been trying to collect the germplasm of zingiberaceous plants and develop the agrotechnology of their large scale cultivation. This paper includes the enumeration of these species, their present status and distribution,vernacular name, uses, flowering as well as ecology.

Frequent ethnomedicinal surveys were conducted between August 2004 and March 2008 in different tribal inhabited villages of Ratlam district (M. P.). An effort has been made to explore some ethnomedicinal uses of gums obtained from 9 Angiosperm plant species used by the tribal community. For each species the information relating to the botanical names followed by local names, methods of administration and prescribed dose has also been given

The present ethnobotanical survey was conducted during 2005-2007 among the Konda Dora, Konda Kammara, Konda Kapu, Konda Reddi, Koya Dora, Manne Dora and Valmiki ethnic tribes of East Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh. It was observed that 16 species of plants belonging to 15 genera and 10 families were used by the tribals for fishing practices. Bauhinia racemosa, Entada rheedi, Tephrosia purpurea and Xylia xylocarpa are new or less known plant poisons

Traditional knowledge about plants and their properties have been used to control pests in different parts of Assam among the rural people of various ethnic groups. An investigation on this aspect of ethnobotany has resulted in the recording of 42 plant species used in Assam against agricultural pests, wound maggots and flies, mosquito, cockroach, external and/or internal parasites of human beings and animals, snakes, scorpion, leech, etc. The uses of 16 species are recorded here for the first time. The modes of usage alongwith the part(s) used are mentioned in details.

The paper deals with 26 exotic plants species used by the tribals inhabited in Purulia district of West Bengal. These plants belong to 24 genera and 17 families.The ethnobotanical uses recorded in this paper are unknown or less known to the outside world. So, it may be useful for further investigation.

In this present work, a brief account of plants, which are used as shelter from Danta taluka, District Banaskantha of Gujarat State has been given. Here 24 plant species have been tabulated, belonging to 23 genera and 13 families, which are used very commonly for shelter purposes by the tribals and rurals.

The present study deals with 26 plant species which are used as hair tonic since ancient times. These plants are also used by the tribal and village people of different areas of India to protect the hair fall and promoting the hairs growth and protecting the other hair problem. The scientific names with their families, vernacular names, flowering and fruiting times and their uses are given. The species are arranged in alphabetical order. The abbreviations used in the presentation of data are: V.n. - Vernacular names; Fl. & Fr. - Flowering & Fruiting time; Distn. - Distribution; B. - Bengali; H. - Hindi; S. - Sanskrit; Sant. - Santhali; Guj. - Gujarati. For further economy of space literature consulted has been omitted both in the text and references. It is hoped that the preliminary information, if tested chemically, may bring smile on the faces of many who have been suffering from alopecia.

The present paper deals with 43 species of plants covering 41 genera and 33 families used by the tribals of Visakhapatnam district for curing body pains, general weakness and body swellings. Shrubs are dominant followed by trees, herbs and a climber. Fabaceae and Euphorbiaceae are the dominant families

A comprehensive field study was carried out from 2011-2012 in the tea tribes distributed areas of southern region of Assam. The study was focused on medicinal plants used by the tribes settled in various tea gardens of Southern Assam. The tea tribe possesses empiric knowledge system on preventive and curative measures of different types of ailments. In this study 125 plants species belonging to 33 families were found. These plants are used to cure 25 various ailments comprising maximum species which are used for fever, sexual disease, liver troubles, jaundice, dysentery, high blood pressure, fracture, bone pain, body ache, cold and cough, gastric, constipation etc. Some of these plants are sometimes used as vegetables but they are unknown or less known to the outside people. However, due to urbanization and modernization the present generation of the tribal communities under study are loosing interest in indigenous knowledge on medicinal plant use and causing immense loss to the society at large.

This paper deals with 13 species of plants belonging to 12 genera under 8 families with first hand information on use as masticatories by the tribals living in Purulia District of West Bengal. Botanical name, family, local name, description, flowering and fruiting time, occurrence, status and parts used are incorporated in brief in the paper.

The present communication deals with 56 species of plants covering 53 genera and 32 families used for curing animal, centipede, dog, honey bee, insect, mosquito, scorpion and snake bites by the tribals of Visakhapatnam district. Twenty six species are exclusively used for snake bite, 7 for scorpion sting and the others for two or more bites. Cucurbitaceae is the dominant family with 5 species followed by Malvaceae etc. Herbs are dominant followed by shrubs, trees, climbers. Leaf is the mostly used part followed by root, stem bark, stem.

Ethnobotanical uses of 39 plants in veterinary medicine by the Gonds of Karimnagar district, Andhra Pradesh have been reported.

The present communication is based on the plants associated with religio-cultural purposes of the 'Koch' community of Assam. 38 plants related to the various relig­ ious and cultural traditions are described following their botanical, family and vernacular names; religious values and parts used. Various plant parts like bark, wood, branch and leaf, flower, fruit and seed are used for various purposes. The medicinal values of the plants are also described along with their active principle

The present study highlights the medicinal plants used for treating gynaecological disorders by the tribal communities in Visakhapatnam district, Andhra Pradesh. This paper enumerates the traditional uses of 38 plant species belonging to 37 genera under 29 families used to cure women problems. Three new plants and 23 new practices were also reported.

    The paper reports 102 plants medicinally used traditionally by the tribals of Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary in Palakkad district of Kerala State. The study was conducted during the period 2003 to 2006. The Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary is the home of four tribal commu-nities, viz. Kadars, Malasars, Malamalasars and Muduvans. Data were collected by Participatory Rural Appraisal, questionnaire survey and interview with elder people. During the study, data on 102 plants used to cure common ailments were collected. Among them, 10 species are used for cuts and wound healing, 13 species for cough and cold, 4 species for treating snake-bites, 4 species for head-ache, 7 species used to control dysentery, 3 species for jaundice etc. Besides botanical identity of the plants, local names, application and administration of medicines are communicated in this paper.

The present paper reveals the valuable information on some ethno-veterinary plants, commonly used for treatment of diseases of domestic animals by the tribal people of Birbhum district, West Bengal. Altogether 25 plants were recorded which are used by the tribals in formulation of 17 different ethno-medicinal preparations for curing 14 different types of diseases. Many of these ethnoveterinary medicinal preparations are new, as they have not been recorded earlier in the standard literatures. Among the 17 ethno-medicinal uses, 11 are administered in the form of single drug curing indigestion, reduced lactation, colic pain, cold, fever, mouth disease, ear sore, eye problems etc. In 6 cases compound drug preparations are used in urinary troubles, diarrhoea, boils in nose etc. Lastly, the investigated taxa have been enumerated alphabetically with their botanical names and families, followed by tribal and local names, parts used, diseases and mode of administration.

Jaundice (Arasina mundige or kamale) is a common disease in rural areas of Dakshina Kannada district, and is characterised by yellowish colouration of skin, eyes, and nails. District being a rich biodiversity land and a treasury of medicinal plants in its diverse vegetational types of foothills of Western Ghats. sheltered many herbal healers and pandits. The plants like Phyllanthus niruri, Azadirachta indica, Tinospora cordifolia, Aloe vera, Eclipta alba, Picrorhiza kurrooa, Lawsonia inermis, Leucas aspera etc are widely used to treat this liver disorder. Most of these plants are commonly available in natural sources in the district and a few are obtained from local dealers. Many. of these plants are clinically and pharmacognostically proved to be effective in curing the disease

Ethnobotanical field survey was conducted in the tribal pockets of Ratlam district of Madhya Pradesh. During the survey, first hand information on ethnomedicinal plants was collected from the tribal informants comprising Bhopas and Medicinemen. In this paper, medicinal uses of 14 taxa of Fabaceae are reported along with their formulations for the treatment of various human ailments.

The present paper reports some plants used by the tribals of Mahadeo hills against various inflammatory responses like rheumatism, arthritis, joint pains, hydrocoel, piles, conjunctivitis and fever.